BPA-2/SL-24 R/B

BPA-2/SL-24 R/B is a spent rocket body associated with Ukraine, launched on 2011-08-17 from OREN on the Dnepr Rideshare 7 launch. After 15 years in orbit, it continues to be tracked by global surveillance networks. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 692 km and 1,292 km with an inclination of 98.2°. It travels at approximately 26,488 km/h (7.36 km/s), completing one full orbit every 105 minutes — that’s roughly 13.72 orbits per day. Its near-polar, sun-synchronous orbit means it passes over any given point on Earth at approximately the same local solar time, ideal for consistent Earth observation lighting conditions. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is ~100–500 years. Spent rocket bodies like BPA-2/SL-24 R/B are among the largest pieces of uncontrolled space debris and are priority targets for collision avoidance manoeuvres and future active debris removal efforts.

BPA-2/SL-24 R/B orbits at an average altitude of 992 km in a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), a specialised subset of LEO where the orbital plane precesses to maintain a constant angle relative to the Sun. This provides consistent lighting conditions on every pass — essential for Earth observation, weather monitoring and environmental science. Within ±50 km of BPA-2/SL-24 R/B’s average altitude, there are currently 282 active payloads and 905 tracked debris or rocket body fragments. With an inclination of 98.2°, BPA-2/SL-24 R/B passes over latitudes between 98.2°N and 98.2°S, providing near-global coverage including the polar regions. Polar and near-polar orbits are used for reconnaissance, weather monitoring and Earth-observation missions that need to image every part of the planet. Ukraine operates approximately 4 active satellites in total.