PEGASUS R/B

PEGASUS R/B is a spent rocket body associated with United States, launched on 1996-03-09 from Vandenberg SFB, California on the REX II launch. With over 30 years in orbit, it has far exceeded many satellites’ design lifetimes. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 789 km and 823 km with an inclination of 90.0°. It travels at approximately 26,829 km/h (7.45 km/s), completing one full orbit every 101 minutes — that’s roughly 14.26 orbits per day. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is ~100–500 years. Spent rocket bodies like PEGASUS R/B are among the largest pieces of uncontrolled space debris and are priority targets for collision avoidance manoeuvres and future active debris removal efforts.

PEGASUS R/B orbits at an average altitude of 806 km in the upper LEO band, where atmospheric drag is negligible and objects can persist for centuries to millennia. This altitude is used by broadband constellations like OneWeb and by scientific missions requiring stable orbits far from the densest debris bands. Within ±50 km of PEGASUS R/B’s average altitude, there are currently 440 active payloads and 2,322 tracked debris or rocket body fragments — notable neighbours include NOAA 20, ONEWEB-0179, ONEWEB-0455. With an inclination of 90.0°, PEGASUS R/B passes over latitudes between 90.0°N and 90.0°S, providing near-global coverage including the polar regions. Polar and near-polar orbits are used for reconnaissance, weather monitoring and Earth-observation missions that need to image every part of the planet. United States operates approximately 12,413 active satellites in total, of which 151 share a similar altitude band with PEGASUS R/B.