FREGAT R/B

FREGAT R/B is a spent rocket body associated with Russia (CIS), launched on 2022-10-10 from PKMTR on the Glonass-K No. 17L launch. It orbits in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at altitudes between 19,224 km and 19,366 km with an inclination of 64.3°. It travels at approximately 14,187 km/h (3.94 km/s), completing one full orbit every 11 hours 22 minutes — that’s roughly 2.11 orbits per day. Spent rocket bodies like FREGAT R/B are among the largest pieces of uncontrolled space debris and are priority targets for collision avoidance manoeuvres and future active debris removal efforts.

FREGAT R/B orbits at an average altitude of 19,295 km in Medium Earth Orbit, the region between LEO and GEO (2,000–35,786 km). MEO’s higher altitude gives each satellite a much larger ground footprint than LEO, meaning fewer spacecraft are needed for global coverage — but signal latency is higher and radiation from the Van Allen belts is a significant design constraint. With an inclination of 64.3°, FREGAT R/B passes over latitudes between 64.3°N and 64.3°S, covering most populated land masses in both hemispheres. This mid-inclination band balances global coverage with efficient launch energy requirements. Russia (CIS) operates approximately 1,286 active satellites in total.