FREGAT R/B

FREGAT R/B is a spent rocket body associated with Russia (CIS), launched on 2019-12-11 from PKMTR on the Uragan-M No. 759 launch. It orbits in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at altitudes between 19,162 km and 19,728 km with an inclination of 65.5°. It travels at approximately 14,146 km/h (3.93 km/s), completing one full orbit every 11 hours 28 minutes — that’s roughly 2.09 orbits per day. Spent rocket bodies like FREGAT R/B are among the largest pieces of uncontrolled space debris and are priority targets for collision avoidance manoeuvres and future active debris removal efforts.

FREGAT R/B orbits at an average altitude of 19,445 km in Medium Earth Orbit, the region between LEO and GEO (2,000–35,786 km). MEO’s higher altitude gives each satellite a much larger ground footprint than LEO, meaning fewer spacecraft are needed for global coverage — but signal latency is higher and radiation from the Van Allen belts is a significant design constraint. Within ±50 km of FREGAT R/B’s average altitude, there are currently 0 active payloads and 17 tracked debris or rocket body fragments. This is a relatively sparse altitude band, containing less than 1% of all active satellites. With an inclination of 65.5°, FREGAT R/B passes over latitudes between 65.5°N and 65.5°S, covering most populated land masses in both hemispheres. This mid-inclination band balances global coverage with efficient launch energy requirements. Russia (CIS) operates approximately 1,286 active satellites in total.